19世纪下半叶欧洲炼钢技术的进步要求轧制更大吨位的钢锭，无论是灰铸铁或冷硬铸铁轧辊的强度均已不能满足要求。含碳量为0.4%～0.6%普通铸钢轧辊相应诞生。重型锻压设备的出现更使这种成分的锻造轧辊的强韧性得到进一步提高。
In the second half of the nineteenth Century, the progress of steelmaking technology in Europe requires larger tonnage steel ingots to be rolled. Neither the strength of gray iron or chilled cast iron rolls can meet the requirements. The ordinary cast steel roll with a carbon content of 0.4% to 0.6% is born accordingly. The emergence of he***y forging equipment makes the strength and toughness of the forging roll of this component further improved.
这些应力沿辊身的散布是不均匀的、不断改变的，其原因不只有规划要素，还有轧辊在运用中磨损、温度和辊形的不断改变。
The dispersion of these stresses along the roll is uneven and c***tantly changing, and the reas*** are not only the planning elements, but also the c***tant change of wear, temperature and roll shape in the use of the rolls.