锻造工艺过程一般由以下工序组成，即选取钢坯下料、加热、成形、锻后冷却。锻造的工艺方法有自由锻、模锻和胎膜锻。生产时，按锻件质量的大小，生产批量的多少选择不同的锻造方法。
The forging process is generally of the following processes, namely, the selection of high quality billets, heating, forming and cooling after forging. The forging process includes free forging, die forging and fetal membrane forging. When manufacturing, according to the size of forgings and the number of production batches, different forging methods are chosen.
基本工序：自由锻造时，锻件的形状是通过一些基本变形工序将坯料逐步锻成的。自由锻造的基本工序有镦粗、拔长、冲孔、弯曲和切断等。
The basic process is: free forging, the shape of forging is gradually formed by some basic deformation processes. The basic process of free forging is upsetting, drawing, punching, bending and cutting.
拔长 拔长是使坯料的长度增加，截面减小的锻造工序，通常用来生产轴类件毛坯，如车床主轴、连杆等。
冲孔 用冲子在坯料上冲出通孔或不通孔的锻造工序。弯曲 使坯料弯曲成一定角度或形状的锻造工序。
Drawing and drawing is a forging process that increases the length of the billet and reduces the section. It is usually used to produce shaft parts, such as spindle and connecting rod.
Forging punch punching out through holes or blind holes in the blank. The forging process of bending the billet into a certain angle or shape.