ABB BAILEY NKHS03-15、NKAS01-15
1、IGBT模块因散热不良导致其损坏
变频器在运转中突然发出***声响，同时外接***烧毁，拆机发现变频器的igbt模块损坏。经过对相关板卡的测试，发现igbt触发线路损坏，测量其他板块正常。在拆卸变频器板卡时发现其电源板和电流检测板上有很多的油污和灰尘。打开变频器的散热片风机，看到散热片上也粘满了油污和杂物，将变频器的散热通道完全堵死。由此推断变频器的IGBT模块因散热不良导致其损坏。
维修过程：首先将变频器完全拆开，将散热通道的散热片拆下，用空压气体将散热片清理干净， 同时将变频器内部结构件和板卡全部清理干净。安装igbt模块，安装igbt模块时候要按照模块的要求，顺序安装，力矩适度。修理触发线路，然后依次安装其他器件。安装结束后进行静态的测试，静态测试结果良好后进行通电测试和带负载试验。带负载试验合格，顺利完成维修。
经验总结：综合不同型号和不同的使用环境中的数台变频器维修情况，总结出变频器igbt模块损坏的主要原因是使用环境的恶劣，使得门极驱动卡上电子元件损坏以及变频器的散热通道堵塞导致。***容易损坏的器件是稳压管及光耦。检查驱动电路是否有问题，可在断电时比较一下各路触发端电阻是否一致。通电开机可测量触发端的电压波形。但是有的变频器不装入模块不能开机，这时在模块p端串入假负载防止检查时误碰触发端或其他线路引起烧坏模块。
2、IGBT模块的简单测量方法
变频器输出电压不平衡表现为马达抖动，转速不稳，一般没有经验是很难判定是哪路驱动有问题，这时可启动变频器2hz，用万用表直流电压档分别测：p-u、p-v、p-w及u-n、v-n、w-n的电压值，这6路电压这时也会不一样，那一路偏高则这一路有问题，其原理大家可自己画图分析一下。对于IGBT模块，我们介绍***简单的测量方法（***不是这样测量）将数字万用表拨到二极管测试档，测试IGBT模块c1、e1、c2、e2之间以及栅极g与e1、e2之间正反向二极管特性，来判断IGBT模块是否完好。以六相模块为例。将负载侧u、v、w相的导线拆除，使用二极管测试档，黑表笔接p（集电极c1），红表笔依次测u、v、w，万用表显示数值为无穷大；将表笔反过来，红表笔接p，黑表笔测u、v、w，万用表显示数值为400左右。再将黑表笔接n（发射极e2），红表笔测u、v、w，万用表显示数值为400左右；红表笔接p，黑表笔测u、v、w，万用表显示数值为无穷大。各相之间的正反向特性应相同，若出现差别说明igbt模块性能变差，应予更换。
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